Tšebeletso e Bolila ea API 5L X52 PSL2 Pipe ea Tšepe ea LSAW: Bokhoni ba Tlhahiso le Litlhaloso tsa Sehlahisoa Setšoantšo se Hlahisitsoeng

Tšebeletso ea Tšepe ea API 5L X52 PSL2 e Bolila Pipe ea Tšepe ea LSAW: Bokhoni ba Tlhahiso le Litlhaloso tsa Sehlahisoa

Tlhaloso e Khutšoanyane:

Womic Steel e fana ka phaephe ea tšepe ea boleng bo holimo ea API 5L X52 PSL2 sour service LSAW bakeng sa phetiso ea oli le khase libakeng tse nang le H₂S (sour). X52 PSL2 e nang le setifikeiti sa tšebeletso ea sour e fana ka matla a fokolang a chai a 360 MPa (52,200 psi) hammoho le meeli e thata ea ho thatafala (≤ 90 HRB, hangata ≤ 85 HRB), e lekanang le khabone e tlase (CEV ≤ 0.40%), le khanyetso e tiisitsoeng khahlanong le ho petsoha ho bakoang ke haeterojene (HIC) le ho petsoha ha khatello ea sulfide (SSC). Ts'ebetso ea LSAW e kenyelletsa mekhoa ea ho welding ea JCOE, UOE, le rolled plate, ka kalafo ea mocheso ea post weld (PWHT) bakeng sa liphaephe tsohle tsa tšebeletso ea sour ho sa tsotelehe botenya ba lebota. Bophara ba kantle ho tloha ho 219mm ho isa ho 1,600mm (8″ – 63″), botenya ba lebota ho tloha ho 6.0mm ho isa ho 60mm, bolelele ho fihlela ho 24m. Setifikeiti sa ho sila se nang le EN 10204 3.2, teko ea ultrasonic ea 100% e nang le TOFD, teko ea hydro, lipheletso tse betlotsoeng, le sephutheloana se felletseng sa litokomane tsa tšebeletso e bolila (HIC, SSC, litsela tsa ho thatafala). E loketse liphaephe tsa ho bokella khase e bolila, mela ea oli e nang le H₂S, mela ea metsi a bolila a fekthering ea ho hloekisa, le tšebeletso ea asiti e lebōpong la leoatle.

Boholo ba Pipe ea Tšepe ea LSAW:Bophara ba Kantle: 219mm – 1,600mm (8″ – 63″), Botenya ba Lebota: 6.0mm – 60.0mm (JCOE/UOE max 50.8mm, poleiti e phutholohileng max 60mm), Bolelele: 6m – 18m e tloaelehileng, bolelele bo ikhethileng ho fihlela ho 24m

Pipe ea Tšepe ea LSAW e Tloaelehileng le ea Sehlopha:API 5L X52 PSL2 e nang le litlhoko tse ling tsa tšebeletso e bolila ho latela NACE MR0175/ISO 15156; HIC ho latela NACE TM0284; SSC ho latela NACE TM0177

Tšebeliso ea Pipe ea Tšepe ea LSAW:Liphaephe tsa ho bokella khase ea tlhaho e bolila (H₂S ho fihlela ho 50 ppm), mela ea phallo ea oli e tala e nang le H₂S, mela ea metsi a bolila a fekthering ea ho hloekisa, liphaephe tsa tšebeletso ea bolila tse lebōpong la leoatle, mela ea ho phahamisa khase lilibeng tse bolila, liphaephe tsa yuniti ea ho phekola amine, mela ea ente ea khase ea asiti, liphaephe tsa ho khutlisa yuniti ea sebabole

Tšepe ea Womic e fanang ka litheko tsa boleng bo holimo le tse hlōlisanang tsa phaephe ea tšepe ea LSAW ea API 5L X52 PSL2, phaephe ea mohala e lekiloeng ea HIC, phaephe e hananang le SSC, phaephe ea LSAW e lumellanang le NACE. Setifikeiti sa mochini oa ho sila EN 10204 3.2, teko ea metsi, UT/TOFD, PWHT, pheletso e beveled, sekoahelo sa 3LPE/FBE sea fumaneha. Phepelo e tobileng ea fektheri bakeng sa merero ea oli le khase e bolila lefatšeng ka bophara.

Romella imeile ho rona Litlhaloso tsa Sehlahisoa

Qaqiso ea Sehlahisoa

Li-tag tsa Sehlahisoa

1. Tšepe ea Womic: Bokhoni ba Tlhahiso le Matla a Khamphani bakeng sa Tšebeletso ea Bolila ea X52

Womic Steel Group e tsamaisa mela e inehetseng ea tlhahiso bakeng sa lipeipi tsa LSAW tsa tšebeletso e bolila. Tšebeletso ea bolila ea X52 PSL2 e hloka:

● Tekanyo e tlase ea khabone (CEV ≤ 0.40%, e tloaelehileng ≤ 0.38%)

● Sebabole se tlase (S ≤ 0.002%) le phosphorus e tlase (P ≤ 0.015%)

● Kalafo ea calcium bakeng sa taolo ea sebopeho sa ho kenyeletsoa (li-sulfide tsa globular)

● Kalafo ea mocheso ka mor'a ho chesetsoa (PWHT) bakeng sa liphaephe tsohle, ho sa tsotelehe botenya ba lebota

● Teko ea boima ba 100% (ho tjheseletsa, HAZ, tšepe ea motheo)

● Teko ea HIC le SSC ho latela maemo a NACE

Mekhoa ea tlhahiso: JCOE, UOE, poleiti e phutholohileng e nang le onto ea PWHT e tlamang (koloi e ka tlase, bolelele ba 12m, 600°C e ineloa). Tlhahlobo ea motho oa boraro ke SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, kapa ABS bakeng sa netefatso e felletseng ea tšebeletso e bolila.

Bokgoni ba selemo le selemo ba tšebeletso ea sour X52 LSAW:Lithane tse 30,000.

Ho Tenyetseha ha Tlhahiso bakeng sa Tšebeletso e Bolila X52 PSL2:

JCOE: 406–1,422mm OD × 6.0–50.8mm Boima × ≤ 18m

UOE: 508–1,220mm OD × 6.0–40.0mm Boima × ≤ 24m (e kgethwa bakeng sa bolila ka lebaka la kgatello e tlase e setseng)

Poleiti e phutholohileng: 600–1,600mm OD × 25–60mm Boima × ≤ 12m

Liphaephe tsohle tsa tšebeletso tse bolila li amohela PWHT (600°C ± 10°C, li tšoarella hora e le 'ngoe ka botenya ba 25mm, li pholise butle)

2. Tšebeletso ea API 5L X52 PSL2 e Bolila: Sebopeho sa Lintho le Litšobotsi tsa Tshebetso

Bakeng sa tšebeletso ea bolila, k'hemistri e thata ho feta PSL2 e tloaelehileng. Sepheo ke ho fihlela khanyetso e phahameng khahlanong le HIC le SSC libakeng tse metsi tsa H₂S.

Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale (Tlhahlobo ea Ladle, lipheo tse tloaelehileng bakeng sa tšebeletso e bolila):

Karolo	PSL2 e tloaelehileng ea max	Sepheo sa Tšebeletso e Bolila (Womic)
C	0.22	≤ 0.14 (ka tloaelo 0.08-0.12)
Mn	1.40	≤ 1.30 (e tloaelehileng 1.10-1.25)
P	0.025	≤ 0.015
S	0.015	≤ 0.002 (ka tloaelo 0.0015)
Si	0.45	0.20-0.40
V	0.10	≤ 0.06
Nb	0.05	0.03-0.05
Ti	0.04	≤ 0.025
CEV	≤ 0.43	≤ 0.40 (e tloaelehileng ≤ 0.38)
Pcm	Ha ho hlokahale	≤ 0.22

Kalafo ea calcium (karolelano ea Ca/S ≥ 1.5) e netefatsa hore ho na le li-inclusions tsa globular sulfide tse hanyetsanang le HIC.

Thepa ea Mekaniki (Kamora PWHT):

Thepa	Tšebeletso ea Bolila ea X52 PSL2 (Womic)
Matla a Tekanyo (metsotso)	360 MPa (52,200 psi)
Matla a Tekanyo (max)	530 MPa (76,900 psi)
Matla a ho Tenyetseha (metsotso)	460 MPa (66,700 psi)
Ho lelefatsa (metsotso)	21%
Boima (boholo) – merero e mengata	85 HRB (Womic o fihlella 78-85 HRB)
Matla a Tšusumetso @ 0°C	≥ 27 J (ka tloaelo 80-120 J)

Teko e Tlamang bakeng sa Tšebeletso e Bolila:

● HIC ka NACE TM0284 (Tharollo A, 96h) – kamohelo: CLR ≤ 5%, CTR ≤ 1.5%, CSR ≤ 0.5% (merero e mengata e hloka 0%)

● SSC ho latela NACE TM0177 (Mokhoa A, 720h, 90% SMYS) – ha ho na ho petsoha

● Ho thatafala ho feta ho weld, HAZ, le tšepe ea motheo (max 85 HRB)

● Charpy V-Notch ho 0°C (kapa ka tlase haeba ho boletsoe)

3. Ho Latela Maemo le Litekanyetso tsa Tekanyo

Ntho	Tlhaloso
E tloaelehileng	API 5L PSL2 e nang le tlatsetso ea tšebeletso e bolila
NACE	NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156
Mekhoa ea Tlhahiso	JCOE, UOE, poleiti e phuthiloeng (kaofela e na le PWHT)
Sebaka sa Bophara ba Kantle	219mm – 1,600mm (8″ – 63″)
Botenya ba Lebota	6.0mm – 60mm (JCOE/UOE max 50.8mm, poleiti e phutholohileng max 60mm)
Bolelele ba Nako	Tekanyetso ea 6m – 18m; ho fihlela ho 24m (UOE)
Qetello ea ho Qetela	Qetello e Beveled (BE) ka API 5L
Qetello ea Bokaholimo	Bare, 3LPE, FBE (likoahelo li lokela ho ba bolila bakeng sa tšebeletso e tšoanelehang)
Mamello	OD: ± 0.5%; Boima: -0% / +15%; Bolelele: +50mm / -0mm

4. Litekanyo le Litlhaloso tse Fumanehang – API 5L X52 PSL2 Sour Service LSAW Steel Pipe (Boholo bo Tloaelehileng bo Khethiloeng)

OD (mm)	Dikgetho tsa WT (mm)	Tshebetso	Boima bo ka bang teng (kg/m2)	Bolelele bo Tloaelehileng	Litšobotsi tsa Tšebeletso e Bolila
219	6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5	JCOE	33.6 – 63.6	12m	PWHT, HIC e hlahlobiloe
273	8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0	JCOE	52.3 – 89.4	12m / 18m	Bothata ≤ 85 HRB
324	8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0	JCOE	62.4 – 121.5	12m / 18m	CEV ≤ 0.40
406	10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0	JCOE/UOE	97.7 – 181.4	12m / 18m	SSC e lekoa
508	10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0	UOE	122.8 – 263.8	12m / 18m / 24m	Tsela e felletseng ea ho tsamaea ka thata
610	12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4	UOE	184.2 – 366.2	12m / 18m / 24m	Kamohelo ea HIC
711	14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 28.0	JCOE/UOE	240.7 – 471.7	12m / 18m	Tlamo ea PWHT
813	16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0	JCOE	314.4 – 579.8	12m / 18m	NACE MR0175
914	19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0	JCOE/E phutholohileng	419.5 – 759.2	12m	Khalsiamo e phekoloa
1,016	22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0	E phutholohile	539.2 – 963.9	12m	S e Tlase (≤ 0.002%)

*Liphaephe tsohle tsa tšebeletso e bolila li fumana PWHT ho sa tsotelehe botenya ba lebota. Bakeng sa liphaephe tsa UOE, katoloso e lekanyelitsoe ho 0.8-1.0% ho qoba khatello e feteletseng.*

5. Maemo a Tloaelehileng bakeng sa Phaephe ea Mohala oa Tšebeletso e Bolila

E tloaelehileng	Kopo	Litlhoko tsa Teko
API 5L PSL2 + Annex H	Phaephe ea mohala oa tšebeletso e bolila	HIC, SSC, boima ≤ 90 HRB
NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156	Lisebelisoa tsa tikoloho ea H₂S	Meeli holim'a ho thatafala, k'hemistri
NACE TM0284	Mokhoa oa teko ea HIC	CLR, CTR, CSR
NACE TM0177	Mokhoa oa teko ea SSC (Mokhoa oa A, B, C, D)	Ha ho petsohe

Kakaretso ea tšebeliso:Ho bokellana ha khase e bolila, melapo ea oli e tala e bolila, fektheri ea ho hloekisa metsi a bolila, li-amine units, ente ea khase ea asiti.

6. Ts'ebetso ea Tlhahiso - LSAW bakeng sa Tšebeletso e Bolila X52 PSL2

Tšebeletso e bolila e hloka mehato e meng e fetang LSAW e tloaelehileng:

Ho theha JCOE / UOE (ho ea ka ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng) + Mehato e Ikhethang ea Bolila:

● Khetho ea poleiti– Lipoleiti tsa TMCP tse nang le sebabole se tlase, khalsiamo e phekotsoeng ka CEV ≤ 0.40%.

●Ho theha– JCOE e tloaelehileng kapa UOE (UOE e khethoa bakeng sa khatello e tlase e setseng).

●Ho tjheseletsa ka SAW– Mocheso o kenang o laoloa ho ≤ 2.5 kJ/mm (ka tlase ho feta maemo a tloaelehileng). Mocheso oa interpass ≤ 200°C.

●100% UT ka TOFD– E bonolo ho feta UT e tloaelehileng.

●Kalafo ea Mocheso Kamora ho Welded (PWHT)– Liphaephe tsohle tsa tšebeletso tse bolila li imolloa khatellong. Mocheso oa ho kolobisa 600°C ± 10°C ka hora e le 'ngoe ka botenya ba 25mm (bonyane hora e le 'ngoe). Ho pholisa ha sebōpi ho ≤ 200°C ka hora.

●Katoloso ea mechini– E lekanyeditswe ho 0.8-1.0% (ha ho bapiswa le 1.5% bakeng sa maemo a tlwaelehileng) ho qoba ho thatafala ha mosebetsi o batang.

●Teko ea ho thatafala- lintlha tse 3 ka phala e 'ngoe (tšepe ea motheo, weld, HAZ). Maximum 90 HRB, hangata 78-85 HRB.

●Teko ea HIC– Ho ya ka NACE TM0284 Tharollo A, dihora tse 96. Disampole tse nkuweng dipheletsong tsa diphaephe.

●Teko ea SSC– Ho ya ka NACE TM0177 Mokhoa A (ho tensile) kapa Mokhoa B (lehlakore le kobehileng). Ho pepesehela mocheso dihora tse 720.

Litlhaloso tsa Sebōpi sa PWHT:

●Sebōpi sa koloi se ka tlase: 12m L × 3m W × 3m H

●Ho tšoana ha mocheso: ± 10°C

●Ho rekota data logger bakeng sa sehlopha se seng le se seng

7. Taolo le Teko ea Boleng bakeng sa Tšebeletso e Bolila X52 LSAW

Sethaleng	Tlhahlobo	Mekhoa ea ho Amohela
Poleiti	Khemikhale (OES)	C ≤ 0.14, S ≤ 0.002, CEV ≤ 0.40
Poleiti	Ultrasonic (lamination)	Ha ho li-lamination tse fetang 5mm
Ho tjheseletsa	100% UT ka TOFD	Ha ho na matšoao > 1.6mm
Ho tjheseletsa	Teko ea X-ray (sebaka)	Ha ho mapetso, ho hloka ho kopana
Kamora PWHT	Boima (HRB) – BM, Weld, HAZ	≤ 85 HRB (sepheo)
E felile	HIC (NACE TM0284)	CLR ≤ 5%, CTR ≤ 1.5%, CSR ≤ 0.5%
E felile	Mokhoa oa SSC (NACE TM0177)	Ha ho na ho petsoha kamora lihora tse 720
E felile	Charpy @ 0°C	≥ 27 J, karolelano ≥ 40 J
E felile	Teko ea Hydrostatic	85-100% SMYS

Odara e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea tšebeletso e bolila e kenyelletsa faele ea boleng bo holimo e nang le litlaleho tsohle tsa liteko, ho latela mocheso le lichate tsa PWHT.

8. Likopo tsa mantlha - API 5L X52 PSL2 Tšebeletso e Bolila Pipe ea Tšepe ea LSAW

●Mehala ea ho bokella khase e bolila– Ho bokella khase ea tlhaho ka H₂S ho tsoa lithabeng tsa liliba (5-50 ppm H₂S)

● Methapo ea oli e tala e nang le H₂S– Ho tsamaisa mafura a sa tsoakoang ho tloha li-pad ho ea litsing tse bohareng

● Methapo ea metsi a bolila ea fektheri ea ho hloekisa– Ammonium bisulfide le metsi a nang le H₂S

● Liphaephe tsa yuniti ea phekolo ea amine– Tšebeletso ea amine e ruileng le e se nang mafura (H₂S le CO₂)

● Methapo ea ho kenya khase ea asiti– Ho kenya H₂S/CO₂ hape ka har'a liliba tsa ho lahla lithōle

● Liphaephe tsa tšebeletso ea bolila tse tsoang kantle ho naha– Methapo ea metsing a ka tlas'a lefatše libakeng tsa H₂S

● Mehala ea ho phahamisa peterole– Ente ea khase e bolila bakeng sa ho phahamisa seliba

● Liphaephe tsa ho tsosolosa sebabole– Methapo ea khase ea mohatla oa yuniti ea Claus

9. Ho paka le ho romela thepa – Tšebeletso e Bolila X52 PSL2 LSAW Pipe

Ho tšoana le sephutheloana se tloaelehileng sa LSAW, ka tšireletso e eketsehileng bakeng sa li-bevel tsa ho qetela (li-cap tsa tšepe e sa hloekang li khothaletsoa ho qoba tšilafalo). Litokomane li kenyelletsa litlaleho tse felletseng tsa liteko tsa tšebeletso e bolila (HIC, SSC, boima, lichate tsa PWHT) ho phaella ho MTC e tloaelehileng.

10. Melemo le Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa ka Tšepe ea Womic - Tšebeletso e Bolila X52 LSAW

Hobaneng Tšepe ea Womic bakeng sa Tšebeletso e Bolila X52?

● Sebōpi sa PWHT se inehetseng se bolelele ba 12m

● Bokhoni ba ho fokotsa mocheso (≤ 0.38%) le ho fokotsa sebabole (≤ 0.0015%)

● Teko ea HIC le SSC ea ka hare (e amohetsoeng ke CNAS)

● Motho oa boraro o bone liteko tsa bolila li fumaneha (SGS, BV, TÜV)

● Liphaephe tsa tšebeletso tse bolila tse fetang 500 km li fanoa lefatšeng ka bophara

● Sephutheloana se felletseng sa litokomane bakeng sa tumello ea projeke

Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa:

P: Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa X52 PSL2 e tloaelehileng le tšebeletso e bolila X52?
A: PSL2 e tloaelehileng e na le meeli ea C ≤ 0.22%, S ≤ 0.015%, CEV ≤ 0.43%, 'me ha ho na tlhahlobo ea HIC/SSC e tlamang. Tšebeletso ea sour e eketsa: C e tlase (≤ 0.14%), S (≤ 0.003% e tloaelehileng), CEV ≤ 0.40%, PWHT e tlamang, boima ≤ 90 HRB (hangata ≤ 85 HRB), le tlhahlobo ea HIC/SSC.

P: Na PWHT ea hlokahala bakeng sa tšebeletso eohle e bolila X52 ho sa tsotelehe botenya ba lebota?
K: E, ho ya ka NACE MR0175 le ditlhaloso tse tlwaelehileng tsa moreki. Esita le bakeng sa diphaephe tsa 6.4mm WT, PWHT ke ya bohlokwa bakeng sa tshebeletso e bolila.

P: Mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea ho amohela HIC ke efe?
A: CLR ≤ 5%, CTR ≤ 1.5%, CSR ≤ 0.5%. Bakeng sa tšebeletso e mpe haholo (mohlala, > 50 ppm H₂S, pH < 5), bareki ba ka hloka CLR = 0%. Womic e ka fihlella CLR 0%.

P: Na o ka fana ka tlhahlobo ea SSC ho latela NACE TM0177?
K: E. Re fana ka Mokhoa oa A (ho tensile e le 'ngoe) ho 90% SMYS, 720h, ntle le ho petsoha. Teko ea lipaki tsa motho oa boraro e ea fumaneha.

P: Nako e tloaelehileng ea ho etella pele bakeng sa tšebeletso ea sour X52 LSAW ke efe?
A: Matsatsi a 60-90, ho latela ditlhoko tsa tlhahlobo ya HIC/SSC. Ntle le paki ya motho wa boraro: matsatsi a 60. Ka paki ya motho wa boraro: matsatsi a 75-90.

Tšupiso ea Morero - Phaephe ea ho Bokella Khase e Bolila ea Alberta (Canada)

Naha:Canada (Alberta, sebaka sa Fox Creek - Deep Basin)
Maemo le Kereiti:API 5L X52 PSL2 e nang le tlatsetso ea tšebeletso e bolila ho latela NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156
Litekanyo le Bongata:

● OD 323.9mm (12.75″) × Boima 9.5mm – 32,000 metres (hoo e ka bang lithane tse 2,200) – JCOE

● OD 406.4mm (16″) × Boima 11.9mm – 18,000 metres (hoo e ka bang lithane tse 1,900) – JCOE

● OD 508mm (20″) × Boima 12.7mm – 9,000 metres (hoo e ka bang lithane tse 1,300) – UOE
Kakaretso:Limithara tse 59,000 (59 km), hoo e ka bang lithane tse 5,400

Litlhaloso:Lipheletso tse betlilweng, sekoahelo sa 3LPE, teko ea hydro ho 10.5 MPa. PWHT bakeng sa liphaephe tsohle. Bothata bo boholo ke 85 HRB. HIC: CLR 0%, CTR 0%, CSR 0%. SSC: ha ho petsohe. Charpy ho -20°C (bonyane 27J, e fihlelletswe 90-150J). Tlhahlobo ea motho oa boraro ke ABS Canada.

Kopo:Ho bokellana ha khase ea tlhaho e bolila ka har'a Basin e tebileng ka H₂S 8-35 ppm, khatello ea ts'ebetso ea 6-8 MPa, mocheso oa mariha -40°C.

Liphephetso tsa Tekheniki le Litharollo:

● Mocheso o tlase haholo (-40°C) o kopantsoeng le tšebeletso e bolila: Womic e ekelitse Ni (0.20-0.30%) ho ntlafatsa ho tiea ha mocheso o tlase. Charpy ho -40°C e fihletse 45-80J.

● Tlhokahalo ea HIC ea lefela: lipoleiti tsa sebabole tse tlase haholo (S ≤ 0.0012%) ka karolelano ea Ca/S 2.0-2.5.

● Tsamaiso ea thepa e hole ka litsela tsa leqhoa: ho romelloa ha thepa habeli mariha ho sebelisoa literaka tse futhumetseng.

Sephetho:Pipeline e kentswe tshebetsong kotara ya bobedi ya 2024. Ha ho na ho hloleha ha HIC kapa SSC kamora dikgwedi tse 18. Womic jwale ke mofani wa ditshebeletso tse sa amohelwang.

Ikopanye le rona:
Webosaete: www.womicsteel.com
Imeile: sales@womicsteel.com

Mohala / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Victor: +86 15575100681
Jack: +86 18390957568

Womic Steel – Molekane oa hau ea tšepahalang bakeng sa liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa LSAW tsa tšebeletso ea sour ea API 5L X52 PSL2 bakeng sa pokello ea oli le khase e nang le H₂S, metsi a sour a fekthering ea ho hloekisa, le litsamaiso tsa ho kenya khase ea asiti lefatšeng ka bophara.

E fetileng: Pipe ea Tšepe ea API 5L X52 LSAW: Bokhoni ba Tlhahiso le Litlhaloso tsa Sehlahisoa

E 'ngoe: Pipe ea Tšepe ea LSAW ea API 5L X60 (L415): Bokhoni ba ho Hlahisa le Litlhaloso tsa Sehlahisoa