1. Tšepe ea Womic: Bokhoni ba Tlhahiso le Matla a Khamphani
Womic Steel Group ke moetsi ea ka sehloohong le morekisi oa kantle ho naha ea nang le boiphihlelo ba lilemo tse fetang 20 ba ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tsa tšepe e sa hloekang ka khabone, motsoako le tšepe e sa hloekang. Setsi sa rona sa tlhahiso ea liphaephe tsa SSAW sa sejoale-joale se akaretsa bokhoni bo felletseng ba tlhahiso bo fetang lithane tse 15,000 ka khoeli bakeng sa liphaephe tse welletsoeng ka har'a arc tse spiral, tse sebeletsang oli le khase, phetiso ea metsi le merero ea motheo oa leoatle lefatšeng ka bophara.
Mefuta ea Boholo ba Tlhahiso bakeng sa Pipe ea Tšepe ea SSAW:Bophara ba kantle ho tloha ho 219mm ho isa ho 3,500mm (8 inch ho isa ho 138 inch) bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea SSAW. Botenya ba lebota ho tloha ho 5.0mm ho isa ho 25.4mm. Bolelele bo le bong ho tloha ho 6m ho isa ho 18m bo tloaelehileng, ka bolelele bo ikhethileng ho fihlela ho 60m bo fumanehang bakeng sa merero e tebileng ea motheo le ea liphaephe.
Litifikeiti tsa Boleng le ho Latela Melao:
Setifikeiti sa ISO 9001:2015:Sistimi ea Tsamaiso ea Boleng bakeng sa tlhahiso ea liphaephe tsa SSAW le lits'ebetso tsa taolo ea boleng, ho netefatsa boleng bo tsitsitseng ba sehlahisoa le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ho pholletsa le ts'ebetso eohle ea tlhahiso.
Laesense ea Monogram ea API 5L:Womic Steel e na le laesense ea API 5L bakeng sa tlhahiso ea Line Pipe. API Monogram e emela boitlamo ba rona ho latela maemo a holimo a indasteri bakeng sa liphaephe tsa phetisetso ea oli le khase. Litlhahlobo tsa kamehla tsa API li netefatsa ho latela litlhoko tse hlalositsoeng khafetsa.
Ho Tšoaea CE (PED 2014/68/EU):Liphaephe tsa rona tsa SSAW li latela Tataiso ea Lisebelisoa tsa Khatello ea Europe (PED) 2014/68/EU. Letšoao la CE lea fumaneha ha ho kopuoa ho nolofatsa ho tlosoa ha lekgetho le ho amoheloa ha projeke ka har'a Sebaka sa Moruo sa Europe (EEA). Phatlalatso ea Ts'ebetso (DoP) e fanoe bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa EN.
Setifikeiti sa EN 10204 3.2:Ntle le Litifikeiti tsa Teko tsa Mill tse tloaelehileng tsa 2.2 le 3.1, re fana ka lihlahisoa tse nang le Setifikeiti sa Tlhahlobo sa 3.2, se netefalitsoeng ke mekhatlo ea batho ba bang e lumelletsoeng ke EU (TÜV, LR, BV, SGS) bakeng sa merero ea bohlokoa ea lipeipi le ea likepe e hlokang ho latelwa ka botlalo ha thepa le netefatso e ikemetseng.
Litumello tsa Tlhahlobo ea Mokha oa Boraro (TPI):Lihlahisoa tsa rona le lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso lia amoheloa le ho hlahlojoa ke mekhatlo e meholo ea machaba ho kenyeletsoa SGS, BV, ABS, LR, DNV, GL, le TÜV.
Litifikeiti tse ling lia fumaneha:
ISO 14001:2015(Sistimi ea Tsamaiso ea Tikoloho)
ISO 45001:2018(Sistimi ea Tsamaiso ea Bophelo bo Botle le Polokeho Mosebetsing)
FPC (Taolo ea Tlhahiso ea Fektheri)ho latela EN 10219
Kananelo ea Lefatše ka Bophara:Womic Steel ke mofani ea tšepahalang oa likonteraka tsa lefats'e tsa EPC, lik'hamphani tsa lipeipi, balaoli ba likou le likonteraka tsa motheo, ba sebeletsang linaha tse fetang 80 ho pholletsa le Asia Boroa-bochabela, Europe, Bochabela bo Hare, Afrika le Amerika.
2. API 5L GR.B: Sebopeho sa thepa le litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso
API 5L GR.Bke tlhaloso e tloaelehileng ea Amerika e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa phaephe ea mohala e sebelisoang phetisong ea oli le khase, phepelo ea metsi le litsamaiso tsa lipalangoang tsa lerōle. Lebitso la "GR.B" le bontša Sehlopha sa B, se fanang ka matla a bonyane a tlhahiso ea 245 MPa (35,500 psi) le matla a bonyane a ho thaepa a 415 MPa (60,200 psi). Sehlopha sa B ke khetho e khethiloeng bakeng sa liphaephe tsa khatello e tloaelehileng, mela ea phetiso ea metsi, le lits'ebetso tsa sebopeho moo matla a itekanetseng le ho tjheseletsa ho babatsehang ho hlokahalang.
API 5L GR.B e fana ka ho tjheseletsa ho babatsehang bakeng sa ho kopanya masimo, ho ductility e ntle bakeng sa ho kobeha le ho bopa, le ho tiea ho lekaneng bakeng sa tshebediso ya mocheso o itekanetseng. Ha e bapiswa le dikereiti tse hodimo jwalo ka X52 kapa X65, GR.B e fana ka tharollo e theko e tlase bakeng sa diporojeke tse sa hlokeng tshepe e matla haholo.
Sebopeho sa Lik'hemik'hale (Tlhahlobo ea Lesela, % ka boima):
| Karolo | API 5L GR.B (Boholo %) |
| C | 0.26 |
| Mn | 1.20 |
| P | 0.030 |
| S | 0.030 |
| Si | --- |
| V | 0.08 |
| Nb | 0.05 |
| Ti | 0.04 |
Hlokomela: Tekanyo ea khabone (CEV) hangata e laoloa ka tlase ho 0.40% ho netefatsa ho tjheseletsa hantle ha tšimo bakeng sa kaho ea liphaephe.
Thepa ea Mekaniki (Mocheso oa Kamore):
| Thepa | API 5L GR.B |
| Matla a Tekanyo (metsotso) | 245 MPa (35,500 psi) |
| Matla a ho Tenyetseha (metsotso) | 415 MPa (60,200 psi) |
| Ho lelefatsa (metsotso) | 21% (bakeng sa gauge ea 50mm) |
| Bothata (boholo) | 85 HRB / 185 HV |
Hlokomela: API 5L GR.B e fana ka thepa e tšepahalang ea mechini bakeng sa liphaephe tse tloaelehileng tsa khatello. Bakeng sa litlhoko tse phahameng tsa matla, API 5L X42, X52, X65, kapa X70 e lokela ho nahanoa.
Papiso ea Likereiti tsa Pipe ea Mohala oa API 5L:
| Sehlopha | Matla a Tlhahiso (MPa) | Matla a ho Tenyetseha (MPa) | Tšebeliso e Tloaelehileng |
| GR.B | 245 | 415 | Liphaephe tse tloaelehileng tsa khatello, metsi |
| X42 | 290 | 415 | Liphaephe tsa khatello e mahareng |
| X52 | 360 | 460 | Liphaephe tsa khatello e phahameng |
| X65 | 450 | 535 | Tshebeletso e phahameng ea khatello, e bolila |
| X70 | 485 | 570 | Liphaephe tsa khatello e phahameng haholo |
*Hlokomela: Bakeng sa merero e mengata e tloaelehileng ea lipeipi le phetisetso ea metsi, API 5L GR.B ke sehlopha se theko e tlaase ka ho fetisisa le se fumanehang hohle.*
3. Ho Latela Maemo le Litekanyetso tsa Tekanyo
Womic Steel e fana ka liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa SSAW ho pholletsa le spectrum e pharaletseng, e lumellanang ka botlalo le maemo a mang a machaba a API 5L, ASTM, EN, le maemo a mang. Ts'ebetso ea SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) e loketse lits'ebetso tsa bophara bo boholo, bo bosesaane ho isa bohareng ba lebota.
| Ntho | Tlhaloso |
| E tloaelehileng | API 5L GR.B, X42, X52, X65, X70 / ASTM A252 / EN 10248 / EN 10219 |
| Mokhoa oa Tlhahiso | SSAW (Sekoahelo se Koahetsoeng ka Lehlakoreng le Itšetseng ka Lehlakoreng le Leholo) - 219mm-3500mm OD |
| Sebaka sa Bophara ba Kantle | 219mm – 3,500mm (8" – 138") |
| Botenya ba Lebota | 5.0mm – 25.4mm |
| Bolelele ba Nako | E tloaelehileng: 6m, 12m, 18m / E ikgethileng: ho fihlela ho 60m |
| Qetello ea ho Qetela | Qetello e se nang letho (PE) / Qetello e Beveled (BE) |
| Qetello ea Bokaholimo | E hlobotse / E tlotsitsoe ka oli / E koahetsoeng ka botšo / 3PE / FBE / Epoxy ea Sekontiri sa Mashala |
| Mamello | OD: ±0.5% / Boima: -0% +15% (API) kapa ±10% (EN) / Bolelele: +50mm -0mm |
4. Litekanyo le Litlhaloso tse Fumanehang - Pipe ea Tšepe ea SSAW
Phaephe ea Tšepe ea SSAW (219mm – 3,500mm OD)
| OD (mm) | Dikgetho tsa Botenya ba Lebota (mm) | Boima (kg/m2) | Bolelele bo Tloaelehileng |
| 219 – 325 | 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5 | 26.4 – 96.3 | 6m / 12m |
| 325 – 426 | 5.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0 | 39.5 – 142.2 | 6m / 12m |
| 426 – 530 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0 | 62.1 – 202.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 530 – 630 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0 | 77.5 – 271.6 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 630 – 820 | 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0 | 92.3 – 394.6 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 820 – 1,020 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0 | 160.2 – 541.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 1,020 – 1,220 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 199.8 – 736.5 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,220 – 1,420 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 298.4 – 859.8 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,420 – 1,620 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 347.7 – 983.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m / 24m |
| 1,620 – 2,000 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 476.1 – 1,217.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,000 – 2,500 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 588.5 – 1,527.2 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 2,500 – 3,000 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 736.5 – 1,841.7 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
| 3,000 – 3,500 | 12.0, 14.0, 16.0, 18.0, 20.0, 22.0, 25.0 | 883.7 – 2,158.4 | 6m / 12m / 18m |
Ela Hloko: Litekanyo tse ikhethileng ka ntle ho mefuta ena lia fumaneha ha ho kopuoa. Bophara bo boholo (ho fihlela ho 4,000mm / 160") boa fumaneha bakeng sa merero e ikhethileng.
5. Maemo a Tloaelehileng a Pipe ea Tšepe ea SSAW a Hlahisitsoeng ke Womic Steel
| E tloaelehileng | Likereiti tsa Tšepe | Tšebeliso e Tloaelehileng |
| Maemo a Pipe ea Mohala oa API | ||
| API 5L | GR.B, X42, X52, X65, X70 | Phetiso ea oli le khase, metsi, slurry |
| Maemo a ho Bokella a ASTM | ||
| ASTM A252 | GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 | Liqubu tsa liphaephe tsa tšepe bakeng sa motheo o tebileng, ho bokellana ha likepe |
| ASTM A500 | GR.A, GR.B, GR.C | Liphaephe tse chitja tsa sebopeho bakeng sa ho bokella le ho tiisa |
| ASTM A572 | GR.42, GR.50, GR.60, GR.65 | Ho bokella meaho e nang le motsoako o tlase o matla haholo |
| Maemo a ho Laola a EN | ||
| EN 10248 | S235GP, S275GP, S355GP | Ho bokella masela a tšepe a phuthoang ka mocheso le ho bokella liphaephe |
| EN 10219 | S235JRH, S275JRH, S355JRH, S355J2H | Likarolo tse se nang letho tsa sebopeho tse entsoeng ka thapo tse batang bakeng sa ho bokella |
| EN 10025 | S235JR, S275JR, S355JR, S355J2 | Tšepe ea mohaho e phuthoang ka mocheso bakeng sa ho bokella |
| Maemo a ho Kenya JIS | ||
| JIS A5525 | SKK400, SKK490, SKK540 | Liqubu tsa liphaephe tsa tšepe bakeng sa mehaho ea boema-kepe le ea likepe |
| JIS G3444 | STK290, STK400, STK490, STK540 | Liphaephe tsa tšepe ea carbon bakeng sa ho bokella liqubu tsa meaho |
| Maemo a Mang | ||
| AS 1163 | C250, C350, C450 | Likarolo tse tloaelehileng tsa sebopeho sa Australia tse se nang letho |
| CSA G40.21 | 44W, 50W, 50A | Tšepe e tloaelehileng ea sebopeho ea Canada bakeng sa ho bokella |
Tšebeliso:Ho etsa liqubu tse tebileng tsa motheo, ho etsa liqubu tsa likepe tsa leoatleng, motheo oa sethala sa lebopong la leoatle, kaho ea boema-kepe le boema-kepe, motheo oa borokho, tšireletso ea lebopong, kaho ea kou le kou, tokiso ea mobu, koetliso ea noka, boenjiniere ba thanele, phetisetso ea oli le khase, liphaephe tsa phepelo ea metsi, lipalangoang tsa lerōle, litšehetso tsa meaho
6. Ts'ebetso ea Tlhahiso - Pipe ea Tšepe ea SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded)
Mokhoa oa ho Hlahisa oa SSAW bakeng sa Pipe ea Tšepe (219mm - 3,500mm OD):
Tlhahlobo ea Lisebelisoa tse Tala (Coil):Likhoele tsa tšepe tse phutholohileng tse kenang li netefalitsoe bakeng sa sebopeho sa lik'hemik'hale, thepa ea mechini, le boleng ba bokaholimo khahlanong le API 5L, ASTM, EN, kapa litlhaloso tsa bareki. Khoele ka 'ngoe e abeloa nomoro e ikhethang ea mocheso ho netefatsa hore thepa e sala morao ka botlalo nakong eohle ea tlhahiso.
Ho phutholla le ho batalatsa:Likhoele tsa tšepe li kenngoa holim'a sesebelisoa sa ho uncoiler 'me li fepeloa ka mochini o lekanyang ka nepo ho batalatsa moqolo, ho tlosa sete ea khoele le ho netefatsa hore e bataletse ka ho lekana bakeng sa ho theha spiral ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng.
Ho Sila le ho Seha Edge:Mathoko ka bobedi a malelele a lehare la tshepe a silwa mme a sehwa ho fihlela a mamellana ka bophara bo nepahetseng (± 0.5mm). Tokisetso ya mathoko e etsa bokahodimo bo hlwekileng, bo bapileng bo hlokahalang bakeng sa ho thehwa ha weld ya boleng bo hodimo.
Ho Theha Spiral:Moqomo o bataladitsweng o fepuoa ka hara mochini o etsang spiral ka sekhutlo sa helix se laolwang. Moqomo o tswela pele ho bopjwa ka sebopeho sa spiral cylindrical, ka mathoko a lebane bakeng sa ho tjheseletsa. Sekhutlo sa helix se ka fetolwa ho fihlella bophara bo fapaneng ho tloha bophara bo tshwanang ba coil.
Ho Welsha ka Arc e Keneng ka Hare (SAW):Morumo o ka hare o tjheselletswa pele ho sebediswa disebediswa tsa ho tjheseletsa tsa arc tse kentsweng ka boiketsetso ka motswako o loketseng wa flux le terata. Hlooho ya ho tjheseletsa e bewa ka hare ho phaephe ho netefatsa ho kenella hantle.
Ho Welsha ka Arc e Kenelletseng ka Ntle (SAW):Sekoahelo sa kantle se spiral se tjheselletswa hang ka mora ho tjheseletsa ka hare, ho sebediswa disebediswa tsa ho tjheseletsa ka hara arc tse iketsang. Sekoahelo sa kantle se phethela tjheseletso e feletseng ya ho kenella mme se fana ka matla a eketsehileng.
Ho Seha ho fihlela Bolelele:Phaephe e tjheseletsang e tswelang pele e sehwa ka bolelele bo boletsweng ho sebediswa ditsamaiso tsa ho seha plasma kapa oksijene ka boiketsetso ka taolo ya bolelele bo nepahetseng (±5mm bakeng sa bolelele bo tlwaelehileng, +50mm -0mm bakeng sa ditlhaloso tsa ho bokella).
Teko e sa Senyeheng (NDT):
Teko ea Ultrasonic ea 100% (UT):Sistimi ea UT e iketsang e hlahloba seam eohle ea weld ea spiral le 'mele o felletseng oa phaephe bakeng sa li-lamination, lintho tse kenyellelitsoeng, khaello ea ho kopana, le litšitiso tse ling.
Teko ea X-ray (RT):Tlhahlobo ea X-ray kapa gamma-ray ea seam ea weld (letheba kapa bolelele bo felletseng joalo ka ha ho boletsoe) ho netefatsa boleng ba weld le ho kenella.
Tlhahlobo ea Likaroloana tsa Magnetic (MPI):Tlhahlobo ea menoana ea maoto e tšetsoeng ka weld le sebaka se amehileng ke mocheso bakeng sa mapetso a bokaholimo le ho se tsoele pele.
Teko ea Hydrostatic (Boikhethelo):E fumaneha ha moreki a kopa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa tsa liphaephe tse hlokang netefatso ea botšepehi ba khatello.
Qetella Qetello:Lipheletso tse se nang letho (tse sekoere se sehiloeng) kapa lipheletso tse betlilweng (sekhutlo sa bevel sa 30°-35°) ho latela tlhaloso ea moreki.
Tlhahlobo ea ho Qetela le ho Tšoaea:Tlhahlobo ea pono bakeng sa liphoso tsa bokaholimo, netefatso ea litekanyo (OD, WT, bolelele, ho otloloha), le matšoao a sa feleng ho latela maemo a loketseng (ho kenyeletsoa le kereiti, boholo, nomoro ea mocheso, boitsebahatso ba moetsi).
Melemo ea Ts'ebetso ea SSAW:
1. Bokhoni ba ho hlahisa bophara bo boholo haholo (ho fihlela ho 3,500mm+) ho tsoa ho likhoele tse tloaelehileng tsa bophara
2.Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e tsoelang pele bakeng sa katleho e phahameng
3. Sekhutlo sa helix se fetolehang bakeng sa litšobotsi tse ntle tsa matla
4. E theko e tlaase bakeng sa bophara bo boholo, bo bobebe ho isa ho bo mahareng ba lebota
5.Botsitso bo botle le ho potoloha
7. Mekhoa ea Taolo ea Boleng le Liteko bakeng sa Phaephe ea Tšepe ea SSAW
| Sethaleng | Mokhoa oa Tlhahlobo | Morero |
| Lisebelisoa tse tala (Coil) | Tlhahlobo ea Lik'hemik'hale (OES Spectrometer) | Netefatsa ho latela meeli ea sebopeho sa API 5L / ASTM / EN |
| Lisebelisoa tse tala (Coil) | Teko ea ho Tenyetseha | Netefatsa matla a tlhahiso, matla a ho tsikinyeha, le bolelele |
| Lisebelisoa tse tala (Coil) | Teko ea Ultrasonic | Lemoha li-lamination le likoli tsa ka hare |
| Ts'ebetsong | Tlhahlobo ea Litekanyo (Micrometer) | Hlokomela OD, WT nakong ea ho thehoa ha spiral |
| Ts'ebetsong | Tlhahlobo ea Litokisetso tsa Moeli | Netefatsa boemo ba moeli le ho otloloha |
| Sebaka sa ho Weld | Teko ea Ultrasonic (UT) - Inthaneteng | Lemoha ho se tsitse ha weld, ho hloka ho kopanngoa |
| Sebaka sa ho Weld | Teko ea X-ray (RT) | Netefatsa ho kenella ha weld, masoba, ho kenyelletsoa ha slag |
| Sebaka sa ho Weld | Tlhahlobo ea Likaroloana tsa Magnetic (MPI) | Ho lemoha mapetso a bokaholimo (ho tjheseletsa le HAZ) |
| Phaephe e felileng | Tlhahlobo ea litekanyo | Netefatsa OD, WT, bolelele, ho otloloha, ho chitja |
| Phaephe e felileng | Teko ea Hydrostatic (Boikhethelo) | Netefatsa botšepehi ba khatello bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsa bohlokoa |
| Phaephe e felileng | Teko ea Kobeho e Tataisoang | Netefatsa ho ductility le ho hlaka ha weld |
| Phaephe e felileng | Teko ea ho Batalatsa | Netefatsa ho ductility le molumo oa 'mele oa phaephe |
| Phaephe e felileng | Teko ea Tšusumetso ea Charpy V-Notch (Boikhethelo) | Netefatsa ho tiea ha mocheso o tlase |
| Phaephe e felileng | Teko ea ho tiea (Ha ho hlokahale) | Netefatsa boima bo boholo bakeng sa ho tjheseletsa |
| Phaephe e felileng | Tlhahlobo ea Pono le ea Bokaholimo | Hlahloba liphoso tsa bokaholimo, li-lamination, mapetso |
| Phaephe e felileng | Netefatso ea ho tšoaea | Netefatsa hore ho na le letšoao la kamehla ho latela maemo a tloaelehileng |
Liteko tsa Boikhethelo bakeng sa Litšebeliso tsa Bohlokoa tsa Liphaephe le tsa Leoatle:
1. Teko ea HIC (Hydrogen Induced Peaking) ho latela NACE TM0284
2. Teko ea SSC (Sulfide Stress Cracking) ho latela NACE TM0177
3. Teko ea Tšusumetso ea mocheso o tlase ho -20°C, -40°C, kapa -60°C
4. Teko ea ho tiea (HV10 kapa HRC) bakeng sa ho tšoaneleha bakeng sa tšebeletso e bolila
Litokomane tsa Boleng:
1. Setifikeiti sa Teko ea Mill ho latela EN 10204 Mofuta oa 2.2, 3.1, kapa 3.2
2. Tlaleho ea Teko ea Ultrasonic (ho tjheseletsa le 'mele)
3. Tlaleho ea Teko ea X-ray (haeba e hlalositsoe)
4. Tlaleho ea Tlhahlobo ea Litekanyo
5. Ho sala morao ho tloha palong ea mocheso ho ea phaepheng e felileng
8. Likopo tsa Motheo - Pipe ea Tšepe ea SSAW
Liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa API 5L GR.B le tsa sehlopha sa SSAW ke likarolo tsa bohlokoa liphaepheng, motheong o tebileng, kaho ea likepe le merero e boima ea boenjiniere ba sechaba:
Liphaephe tsa Phetiso ea Oli le Khase:Liphaephe tsa phetiso tse hole bakeng sa oli e tala, khase ea tlhaho le lihlahisoa tse hloekisitsoeng. Liphaephe tsa SSAW li sebelisoa haholo bakeng sa merero ea liphaephe tse lebōpong la leoatle le lebōpong la leoatle ka lebaka la bokhoni ba tsona ba bophara bo boholo le ho boloka litšenyehelo ka nepo.
Phepelo le Kabo ea Metsi:Methapo e meholo ea phetisetso ea metsi e bophara bo boholo, mela ea phepelo ea metsi a tala, litsamaiso tsa nosetso, le marang-rang a kabo ea metsi a masepala.
Sepalangoang sa Slurry:Ho tsamaisa marotholi a diminerale, marotholi a diminerale, le thepa e tjhesitsweng ka metsi mesebetsing ya merafo le ho tjhesa.
Ho bokella motheo o tebileng:Liqubu tse jarang mojaro bakeng sa mehaho e melelele, marokho, mehaho ea indasteri le mehaho e boima e hlokang tšehetso e tebileng ea motheo.
Motheo oa Sethala sa Marine le Offshore:Liqhomane tsa motheo bakeng sa liforomo tsa oli le khase tse lebōpong la leoatle, li-rig tsa ho cheka, le metheo ea turbine ea moea e tsoang lebōpong la leoatle.
Kaho ea Boema-kepe, Kou le Kou:Ho bokella li-terminal tsa lik'hontheinara, likou tsa thepa e ngata, li-terminal tsa bapalami le likepe tsa thepa tse akaretsang.
Motheo oa Borokho le Pier:Liqubu tse tebileng tsa motheo bakeng sa lipilara tsa borokho, litšehetso tsa tšireletso le metheo ea litora.
Tšireletso ea Lebōpo la Leoatle le Lebota la Leoatle:Ho etsa liqubu bakeng sa meaho ea mabota a leoatle, liemahale tsa lebopong, tšireletso ea lebopong le taolo ea khoholeho ea mobu.
Kaho ea Breakwater le Jetty:Ho bokella metheo ea lithako tsa metsi a thibileng, lithako tsa lebota tse otlolohileng, li-jetty le li-groyne.
Nchafatso le Tokiso ea Mobu Lebota la Leoatle:Ho bokella meaho e sireletsang sebaka le mabota a lewatle a potolohang.
Koetliso ea Noka le Taolo ea Likhohola:Ho bokella liqubu bakeng sa tšireletso ea lebopong la noka, ho tataisa mabōpo, li-spurs le meaho ea taolo ea likhohola.
Boenjiniere ba Kotopo le ho Seha le ho Koahela:Ho bokella metheo ea kotopo e sehiloeng le e koahetsoeng, mabota a sekhukhu a liqubu, le meaho ea tšehetso ea portal ea kotopo.
9. Sephutheloana le Thomello - Phaephe ea Tšepe ea SSAW
Liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa API 5L GR.B le tsa sehlopha se seng sa SSAW lia pakoa le ho romelloa ka hloko e kholo ho netefatsa tšireletso ea tsona nakong ea lipalangoang. Tlhaloso ea mokhoa oa ho paka le ho romella liphaephe tsa SSAW tse bophara bo boholo ke ena:
Sephutheloana:
Sekoahelo se Sireletsang:Pele ho pakoa, liphaephe li ka 'na tsa tlotsoa ka lera le lesesaane la oli e thibelang mafome kapa varnish e sireletsang ho thibela mafome a bokaholimo le ho oxidation nakong ea polokelo le phetisetso. Qetello e hlobotseng e boetse e fumaneha bakeng sa ho sebelisoa hang-hang ha ho koaheloa.
Ho kopanya (Bophara bo Bonyenyane):Bakeng sa liphaephe tse nyane tse bophara (hangata tse ka tlase ho 610mm / 24"), liphaephe li kopanngoa hammoho ka liphutheloana tse nang le mahlakore a tšeletseng kapa a khutlonnetsepa. Li tiisitsoe ka ho sebelisa likhoele tsa tšepe (hangata likhoele tse 3-5 ka sephutheloana ka seng tse nang le litšireletso tsa sekhutlo).
Ho bokellana ka bonngoe (Bophara bo boholo):Bakeng sa liphaephe tse bophara bo boholo (tse fetang 610mm / 24"), hangata liphaephe li tšoaroa le ho romelloa ka bonngoe. Sekoahelo sa lehong kapa rabara se behiloeng pakeng tsa mealo ea liphaephe se thibela ho hohlana le tšenyo ea ho roala.
Li-cap tsa ho qetela:Likoahelo tsa polasetiki kapa tsa tšepe li beoa lipheletsong ka bobeli tsa phaephe ka 'ngoe ho sireletsa lipheletsong tse betliloeng, lipheletsong tse se nang letho ho tsoa tšenyong ea matlakala, ho kena ha litšila le mongobo.
Ho betla le ho roka ka sehatsetsing:Bakeng sa diotara tsa boleng bo hodimo tsa ho romela kantle ho naha, thepa ya ho tlama e kang masale a foam, di-strips tsa rabara, kapa lepolanka la patsi di sebediswa pakeng tsa mealo ya diphaephe ho thibela tshenyo ya ho kgopama le ho kwahela.
Lintlha tsa ho Phahamisa:Li-lug tsa ho phahamisa kapa libaka tse khethiloeng tsa ho phahamisa li ka eketsoa liphaepheng tse boima (tse fetang 2,000 kg ka phaephe) ho nolofatsa ho laolla thepa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng.
Ho tsamaisa ka sekepe:
Mokhoa oa Lipalangoang:Liphaephe li romelloa ka likepe tsa lijana (lijana tsa 20ft kapa 40ft bakeng sa bophara bo bonyenyane), lijari tse kholo (tse arolang bongata bakeng sa bophara bo boholo le boholo bo boholo), kapa thepa ea terene.
Ho kenya dikontenareng (Dimithara tse Nyane):Bakeng sa liphaephe tse nyane tse bophara ba tsona (hangata tse ka tlase ho 508mm / 20"), liphaephe li kenngoa ka har'a lijana tse tloaelehileng tsa ho romela thepa tsa 20ft kapa 40ft.
Ho Laela Likepe Tse Ngata (Bophara bo Boholo le Bongata bo Boholo):Bakeng sa diotara tsa boholo bo boholo (hangata tse fetang ditone tse 500) kapa diphaephe tse bophara bo boholo (ka hodimo ho 508mm / 20"), diphaephe di kenngwa ka ho toba ka hara dijana tse tsamaisang thepa tse kgolo kapa dikepeng tse kentsweng ka dikere.
Lijana tse bataletseng kapa tse bulehileng tse ka holimo:Bakeng sa liphaephe tse fetang litekanyo tse tloaelehileng tsa setshelo (bolelele >12m kapa bophara >2.3m), lijana tse bataletseng tsa rack kapa lijana tse bulehileng tse ka holimo li ka sebelisoa.
Ho Ngola le ho Fana ka Litokomane:Phanele e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe kapa phaephe e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe e ngotsoe ka ho hlaka ka tlhahisoleseling ea bohlokoa ho kenyeletsoa le sehlopha sa thepa, maemo a tloaelehileng, litekanyo, nomoro ea mocheso, nomoro ea phaephe/phaephe, le litaelo tsa ho e sebetsana.
Ho Latela Melao ea Meeto:Litokomane tsohle tse hlokahalang tsa lekhetho—invoice ea khoebo, lethathamo la ho paka, bili ea thepa, Setifikeiti sa Tšimoloho, Litifikeiti tsa Teko ea Mill—li lokisitsoe.
Ho tiisa ka mokhoa o sireletsehileng:Liphutheloana le liphaephe ka bonngoe li tlameletsoe ka thata ka ho sebelisa marapo a tšepe, mekotla ea dunnage, ho tlama mapolanka, kapa ho tlama ka ketane.
Ho Latela le ho Hlokomela:Mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea ho latela thepa e fana ka lintlafatso tsa sebaka ka nako ea sebele.
Inshorense:Inshorense ea thepa ea likepe (Kotsi eohle kapa Ka Karabelo e Tloaelehileng) e ka hlophisoa.
Moralo oa ho phahamisa lintho tse boima:Bakeng sa liphaephe tse boima haholo (tse fetang 5,000 kg ka phaephe), ho kgothaletswa ho hokahanya esale pele le kou ya moo ho yang teng bakeng sa disebediswa tsa ho tshwara diphaephe tse boima.
Ka bokhutšoanyane, Womic Steel e netefatsa hore liphaephe tsohle tsa tšepe tsa API 5L GR.B le tsa sehlopha sa SSAW li pakiloe ka mehato ea tšireletso e etellang pele indastering 'me li romelloa ho sebelisoa mekhoa e tšepahalang ea lipalangoang.
10. Melemo le Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa ka Tšepe ea Womic - Pipe ea Tšepe ea SSAW
Hobaneng o lokela ho sebelisana le Womic Steel bakeng sa SSAW Steel Pipe?
Mefuta e Felletseng ea Boholo:Ts'ebetso ea SSAW e akaretsang 219mm ho isa ho 3,500mm OD, botenya ba lebota bo fihlang ho 25.4mm, bolelele bo fihlang ho 60m bakeng sa merero ea lipeipi le ea ho bokella likhoele.
Bokgoni bo Tloaelehileng ba Mefuta e Mengata:Ho latela ka botlalo API 5L (GR.B, X42, X52, X65, X70), ASTM A252, EN 10248, EN 10219, JIS A5525, le tse ling. Mofani a le mong bakeng sa litlhoko tse ngata tsa 'maraka.
Tsepamiso ea Liphaephe le Metsing:Phihlelo e ikhethang liphaepheng tsa oli le khase, phetiso ea metsi le lits'ebetso tsa ho bokella liqubu tsa leoatleng.
Litšebeletso tse Ekelitsoeng Boleng:Ho benya pheletso, ho seha pheletso e se nang letho, ho koahela ka tšireletso (FBE, 3LPE, Coal Tar Epoxy), le ho phuthela ho thibelang ho bola.
Bokgoni ba Bolelele bo Bolelele:Bolelele bo le bong ba ho fihlela ho 60m bakeng sa merero e tebileng ea motheo le ea liphaephe, e leng se fokotsang litlhoko tsa ho kopanya masimo.
Thepa ea Tlholisano:Tšebelisano-'moho ea maano le barekisi ba thepa ba lefats'e ka bophara e netefatsa hore ho romelloa ha thepa lefatšeng ka bophara ho theko e tlase.
Litokomane tse Felletseng:Litifikeiti tsa Teko e Felletseng ea Mill (EN 10204 Mofuta oa 2.2, 3.1, kapa 3.2), litlaleho tsa NDT, litlaleho tsa litekanyo, le litokomane tsa ho sala morao.
Khetha Womic Steel Group e le molekane oa hau ea tšepahalang bakeng sa liphaephe tsa tšepe tsa API 5L GR.B tsa boleng bo holimo le tse ling tsa SSAW tsa maemo a holimo bakeng sa merero ea liphaephe, ea likepe le ea motheo o tebileng lefatšeng ka bophara. Rea u amohela ho botsa!
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Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa (Lipotso Tse Botsoang Khafetsa) - Pipe ea Tšepe ea SSAW
P: Phapang ke efe pakeng tsa phaephe ea tšepe ea SSAW, LSAW, le ERW?
K: SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded) e sebelisa mokhoa oa ho tjheseletsa o potolohang, o loketseng mabota a maholo (219mm-3500mm) le mabota a masesaane ho isa ho a mahareng. LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded) e sebelisa weld e otlolohileng ea seam, e molemo bakeng sa mabota a manyenyane (508mm-3000mm) le mabota a teteaneng. ERW (Electric Resistance Welding) e sebelisoa bakeng sa mabota a manyenyane (219mm-660mm) le mabota a masesaane. SSAW ka kakaretso ke eona e theko e tlaase ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kholo haholo tsa bophara.
P: Phaephe ea SSAW e bophara bo phahameng ka ho fetisisa eo u ka e hlahisang ke efe?
K: Re ka hlahisa phaephe ea SSAW e fihlang ho 3,500mm (li-inchi tse 138) bophara ba kantle. Bakeng sa bophara bo fihlang ho 4,000mm (li-inchi tse 160), ka kopo ikopanye le rona bakeng sa tlhahlobo e khethehileng ea bokhoni ba projeke.
P: Bolelele bo boholo ba phala ea SSAW ke bofe?
K: Bolelele bo tloaelehileng ke 6m, 12m, le 18m. Bakeng sa merero e tebileng ea motheo le ea liphaephe, re fana ka bolelele bo ikhethileng ho fihlela ho 60m (maoto a 200) ho latela bophara le botenya ba lebota.
P: Ke dikgetho dife tsa ho roala tse fumanehang bakeng sa phaephe ya tshepe ya SSAW?
K: Re fana ka FBE (Fusion Bonded Epoxy), 3LPE (Three Layer Polyethylene), 3LPP (Three Layer Polypropylene), Coal Tar Epoxy, Hot Dip Galvanizing, le Liquid Epoxy. Bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata tsa liphaephe, ho khothaletsoa ho roala ka 3LPE kapa FBE.
P: Na o ka fana ka phaephe ya SSAW ka tlhahlobo ya motho wa boraro (SGS, BV, TÜV)?
K: E. Re thusa ho etsa ditlhahlobo ke SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, ABS, LR, kapa moemedi ofe kapa ofe ya kgethilweng ke moreki nakong ya tlhahiso le pele ho thomello. 3.2 Disetifikeiti tsa tlhahlobo di fanwa ka mehla ha ho kopuwa.
P: Ke teko efe e sa senyeheng (NDT) e fanoang bakeng sa phaephe ea SSAW?
A: NDT e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa Teko ea Ultrasonic ea 100% (UT) ea 'mele oa weld seam le phaephe, hammoho le tlhahlobo ea sebaka sa Radiography Testing (RT). MPI, Hydrostatic Testing, le UT e eketsehileng lia fumaneha ha li kopuoa.
P: Nako e tloaelehileng ea ho etella pele bakeng sa phaephe ea tšepe ea API 5L GR.B SSAW ke efe?
K: Linako tse tloaelehileng tsa ho etella pele ke matsatsi a ka bang 30-45 bakeng sa tlhahiso ea SSAW, ho latela bongata ba odara, bophara, botenya ba lebota, le litlhoko tsa liteko. Liodara tse potlakileng (matsatsi a 20-30) li ka fumaneha bakeng sa bongata bo bonyenyane.
P: Ke litokomane life tse fanoang ka thomello ka 'ngoe?
A: Setifikeiti sa Teko ea Mill (EN 10204 Mofuta oa 3.1), Tlaleho ea Tlhahlobo ea Litekanyo, Litlaleho tsa UT, Litlaleho tsa RT (haeba ho boletsoe), Litokomane tsa ho Latela Lintho, Lethathamo la ho Paka, Invoice ea Khoebo, le Setifikeiti sa Tšimoloho.
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