Kakaretso ea Lisebelisoa tsa Alloy
Tlhaloso ea Motsoako
Motswako ke motsoako o ts'oanang o entsoeng ka litšepe tse peli kapa ho feta, kapa motsoako oa litšepe le likarolo tse seng tsa tšepe, tse nang le litšobotsi tsa tšepe. Khopolo-taba e ka morao ho moralo oa motsoako ke ho kopanya likarolo ka tsela e tla ntlafatsa thepa ea mechini, ea 'mele le ea lik'hemik'hale ho fihlela litlhoko tse ikhethileng tsa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng.
Tlhophiso ea Lisebelisoa tsa Alloy
Lisebelisoa tsa motsoako li ka aroloa ho latela likarolo tsa tsona tsa mantlha le thepa ka tsela e latelang:
●Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa Ferrous:Tsena ke di-alloy tse thehilweng tshepeng tse nang le dielemente tse ekeditsweng jwalo ka khabone, manganese le silicon, tse sebediswang haholoholo diindastering tsa ho etsa tshepe le ho lahla.
●Litšepe tsa Aluminium:Tsena ke di-alloy tse thehilweng aluminium tse nang le dielemente tse kang koporo, magnesium le zinc, tse tsebahalang ka ho ba bobebe, ho ba matla, le ho ba le di-conductivity tse ntle le thepa ya mocheso.
●Li-alloy tsa Koporo:Tsena ke di-alloy tse thehilweng koporong tse nang le dielemente tse ekeditsweng jwalo ka zinki, tin, le loto, tse fanang ka tsamaiso e ntle ya motlakase, ho hanyetsa mafome le ho sebetsa habonolo.
●Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa Magnesium:Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tse thehiloeng ho magnesium, hangata li kopantsoe le aluminium, zinki le manganese, ke litšepe tse bobebe ka ho fetisisa tsa sebopeho tse nang le khanyetso e ntle ea ho tšoha le ho qhalana ha mocheso.
●Li-alloy tsa nikeli:Li-alloy tse thehiloeng ho nickel li na le likarolo tse kang chromium, tšepe le cobalt, 'me li bontša ho hanyetsa ho ts'enyeha ho ikhethang le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea mocheso.
●Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa Titanium:Li-alloy tse thehiloeng ho titanium li tsebahala ka matla a tsona a phahameng, ho ba le botenya bo tlase, le ho hanyetsa mafome ka tsela e ikhethang, li sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa lifofane.
Li-alloy tsa Ferrous
Sebopeho le Matlotlo a Li-Alloys tsa Ferrous
Li-alloy tsa ferrous li entsoe ka tšepe e nang le likarolo tse fapaneng tsa ho kopanya tse ntlafatsang thepa ea tsona ea mechini. Lintho tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:
●Khabone:E 'ngoe ea likarolo tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa tsa ho kopanya, ho fapana ha khabone ka har'a metsoako ea ferrous ho ama ho thatafala le ho tiea. Mefuta e mengata ea khabone e nang le khabone e ngata e fana ka ho thatafala ho hoholo empa ho thatafala ho fokolang.
●Silicone:Silicon e ntlafatsa matla le ho tiea ha metsoako e kopantsoeng ea ferrous 'me hangata e sebelisoa metsoakong e kopantsoeng ea silicon-tšepe bakeng sa ho etsa tšepe e le sesebelisoa sa ho tlosa oxidizer le ho kopanya.
●Manganese:Manganese e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho eketsa matla le ho thatafala ha metsoako ea ferrous, 'me metsoako ea ferromanganese e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ntlafatsa khanyetso ea ho tsofala le khanyetso ea ho bola ha tšepe.
●Chromium:Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa chromium-tšepe li fana ka khanyetso e ntle ea ho bola le matla a mocheso o phahameng, tse sebelisoang haholo tlhahisong ea tšepe e sa ruseng le litšepe tse khethehileng.
Litšebeliso tsa Li-Alloys tsa Ferrous
Li-alloy tsa ferrous li sebelisoa haholo liindastering tse fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa:
●Indasteri ea ho Etsa Tšepe:Li-alloy tsa ferrous ke lintho tsa bohlokoa tse tlatsetsang tlhahisong ea tšepe, tse sebelisetsoang ho fetola sebopeho sa tšepe le ho ntlafatsa thepa ea eona.
● Indasteri ea ho lahla:Mekhoa ea ho lahla, litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa ferrous li ntlafatsa thepa ea mechini le ho tšoarella ha lihlahisoa tsa tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe.
●Lisebelisoa tsa ho tjheseletsa:Li-alloy tsa ferrous li sebelisoa tlhahisong ea lithupa tsa ho tjheseletsa le ho phalla ho netefatsa hore li-joints tsa tjheseletsa tsa boleng bo holimo lia sebetsa.
●Liindasteri tsa Lik'hemik'hale le Manyolo:Li-alloy tsa ferrous li sebetsa e le li-catalyst le li-reduction agents tlhahisong ea lik'hemik'hale le manyolo.
●Mosebetsi oa tšepe:Li-alloy tsa ferrous li sebelisoa lisebelisoa tse kang lisebelisoa tsa ho seha le hlobo, e leng se ntlafatsang ho tšoarella ha tsona le katleho ea tsona.
Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa Aluminium
Litšobotsi tsa Bohlokoa tsa Li-Alloys tsa Aluminium
Li-alloy tsa aluminium li tsebahala ka bobebe ba tsona, matla a phahameng le bonolo ba ho li sebetsa, e leng se etsang hore li be bohlokoa liindastering tsa sejoale-joale. Litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa:
●Bobebe:Li-alloy tsa aluminium li na le boima bo tlase ba hoo e ka bang 2.7 g/cm³, e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse hlokang ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele.
●Matla a Phahameng:Ka ho kopanya le ho phekola mocheso, metsoako ea aluminium e ka fumana matla a ho thaepa a phahameng, 'me metsoako e meng e feta 500 MPa.
●Motlakase o motle haholo:Aluminium e hloekileng ke mokhanni o motle oa motlakase le mocheso, 'me litšepe tsa aluminium li boloka karolo e kholo ea thepa ena.
●Khanyetso ea ho senyehe:Lera la tlhaho la oxide le hlaha holim'a litšepe tsa aluminium, le fanang ka khanyetso e ntle ea mafome, 'me mekhoa e khethehileng ea phekolo e ka ntlafatsa thepa ena haholoanyane.
●Bonolo ba ho Sebetsa:Li-alloy tsa aluminium li bontša polasetiki e ntle, e leng se etsang hore li lokele lits'ebetso tsa ho lahla, ho ntša le ho betla.
Mekhahlelo le Litšebeliso tsa Li-Alloys tsa Aluminium
Li-alloy tsa aluminium li arotsoe ho latela likarolo tsa tsona tsa mantlha tsa ho kopanya le thepa. Mefuta e meng e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa:
●Letoto la 1xxx:Aluminium e hloekileng, e nang le aluminium e fetang 99.00%, e sebelisoang haholo indastering ea motlakase le thepa ea letsatsi le letsatsi ea bareki.
●Letoto la 2xxx:Koporo ke karolo ea mantlha ea ho kopanya, e ntlafatsang matla a eona haholo kamora kalafo ea mocheso, e sebelisoang hangata lits'ebetsong tsa lifofane.
●Letoto la 3xxx:Manganese ke karolo e ka sehloohong ea ho kopanya, e fanang ka khanyetso e ntle ea ho bola, e sebelisoang haholo kahong le thepa ea meaho.
●Letoto la 4xxx:Silicon ke karolo e ka sehloohong ea ho kopanya, e fanang ka khanyetso ea mocheso le thepa e ntle ea ho tjheseletsa, e loketseng lisebelisoa tsa ho tjheseletsa le likarolo tse hanelang mocheso.
●Letoto la 5xxx:Magnesium ke karolo ea mantlha ea ho kopanya, e fanang ka thepa e ntle ea mechini le ho hanyetsa mafome, e sebelisoang indastering ea likepe, ea likoloi le ea lifofane.
●Letoto la 6xxx:Magnesium le silicon ke metsoako e meholo ea ho kopanya, e fanang ka matla a matle le ho sebetsa habonolo, e sebelisoang hangata thepa ea meaho.
●Letoto la 7xxx:Zinki ke karolo ea mantlha ea ho kopanya, 'me li-alloy tsena li fana ka matla a holimo ka ho fetisisa, a sebelisoang hangata mehahong ea lifofane le lits'ebetsong tse matla haholo.
●Letoto la 8xxx:E na le dielemente tse ding tse kang tshepe le nikele, tse fanang ka matla a matle le ho tsamaisa motlakase, tse sebediswang haholo indastering ya motlakase.
Li-alloy tsa aluminium li sebelisoa mafapheng a fapaneng, ho kenyeletsoa:
●Sebaka sa lifofane:Li-alloy tsa aluminium tse bobebe le tse matla haholo lia hlokahala bakeng sa mehaho le likarolo tsa lifofane.
●Lipalangoang:Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa aluminium li sebelisoa ho etsa likarolo tse bobebe tsa likoloi le tsa terene, e leng se ntlafatsang ts'ebeliso e ntle ea mafura.
●Indasteri ea Motlakase:Aluminium ke thepa e ratoang haholo bakeng sa likhoele le li-transformer
●Kaho:Li-alloy tsa aluminium li sebelisoa haholo meahong ea meralo, liforeiming tsa lifensetere, mamati le marulelong ka lebaka la matla a tsona, ho hanyetsa mafome le ponahalo e ntle.
●Sephutheloana:Li-alloy tsa aluminium, haholo-holo ka mokhoa oa lifoile le makotikoti, li sebelisoa haholo indastering ea ho paka hobane li bobebe, ha li na chefo, 'me li ka sebelisoa hape haholo.
Li-Alloy tsa Koporo
Sebopeho le Matlotlo a Li-Alloy tsa Koporo
Li-alloy tsa koporo li tsebahala ka ho tsamaisa motlakase le mocheso hantle, ho hanyetsa mafome le bonolo ba ho etsa. Li-alloy tse tloaelehileng tsa koporo li kenyelletsa:
●Koporo (Koporo-Sinki e kopantsoeng):Koporo e tsebahala ka matla a yona, bokgoni ba yona ba ho sebetsa ka thata, le ho hanyetsa mafome, e sebediswa haholo dikopong tsa mechini, diphaepheng le diletswang tsa mmino.
●Boronse (Motsoako oa Koporo le Tin):Motsoako ona o fana ka khanyetso e phahameng ea ho bola, ho thatafala le ho hanyetsa ho tsofala, hangata o sebelisoang ho li-bearing, li-bushings le lits'ebetsong tsa leoatleng.
●Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa koporo le nikele:Metswako ena e kopantsoeng e fana ka khanyetso e ntle ea mafome libakeng tsa leoatle, e leng se etsang hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa kaho ea likepe, liforomo tsa leoatleng le lifeme tsa ho ntša letsoai.
●Koporo ea Beryllium:Ka matla a maholo, ho thatafala, le ho hanyetsa mafome, koporo ea beryllium hangata e sebelisoa lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng, lihokelo tsa motlakase le liliba.
Litšebeliso tsa Li-Alloy tsa Koporo
Li-alloy tsa koporo li sebeletsa mefuta e mengata ea liindasteri ka lebaka la ho tenyetseha ha tsona le thepa ea tsona e ikhethang:
●Indasteri ea Motlakase:Li-alloy tsa koporo li sebelisoa haholo lihokelong tsa motlakase, lithapo tsa motlakase le likarolo ka lebaka la ho tsamaisa motlakase hantle.
●Ho Sebelisa Liphaephe le ho Sebelisa Metsi:Koporo le boronse li sebelisoa hangata bakeng sa li-valve, li-fittings le lits'ebetso tse ling tsa liphaephe ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa ho bola ha tsona.
●Indasteri ea Likepe:Li-alloy tsa koporo le nickel li ratoa haholo bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea metsing ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa hantle mafome a metsi a leoatle.
●Boenjiniere bo Nepahetseng:Koporo ea Beryllium e sebelisoa lisebelisoa, lisebelisoa tse sa phatsimiseng mollo, le likarolo tse nepahetseng ka lebaka la matla le ho tšoarella ha eona.
Li-Alloys tsa Magnesium
Litšobotsi tsa Li-Alloys tsa Magnesium
Litšepe tse kopantsoeng tsa magnesium ke litšepe tse bobebe ka ho fetisisa tsa sebopeho, tse nang le karolelano e ntle ea matla-ho-boima, ho monya ha shock, le ho sebetsa hantle ha mechini. Litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa:
●Bobebe:Li-alloy tsa magnesium li bobebe ka 35% ho feta aluminium le ka 78% ho feta tšepe, e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse amang boima.
●Bokgoni bo Botle ba ho Sebetsa:Li-alloy tsa magnesium li na le bokhoni bo botle ba ho sebetsa, e leng se lumellang hore likarolo tse rarahaneng le tse nepahetseng li etsoe ka katleho.
●Ho monya ha ntho ka tšohanyetso:Li-alloy tsena li na le thepa e ntle ea ho monya litšisinyeho, e leng se etsang hore li be molemo lits'ebetsong tsa likoloi le tsa lifofane.
●Ho qhala mocheso:Li-alloy tsa magnesium li fana ka mokhoa o atlehang oa ho qhala mocheso, e leng tsa bohlokoa bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki le likarolo tsa mocheso o phahameng.
Litšebeliso tsa Magnesium Alloys
Ka lebaka la bobebe ba tsona le matla a tsona, li-alloy tsa magnesium li sebelisoa liindastering tse fapaneng:
●Indasteri ea Likoloi:Li-alloy tsa magnesium li sebelisoa likarolong tsa enjene, matlong a phetisetso, le mabiling ho fokotsa boima ba koloi le ho ntlafatsa ts'ebeliso e ntle ea mafura.
●Indasteri ea Lifofane:Li-alloy tsa magnesium li sebelisoa likarolong tsa lifofane le likarolong tsa lifofane moo ho fokotsa boima ba 'mele ho leng bohlokoa.
●Mesebetsi ea elektroniki:Li-alloy tsa magnesium li sebelisoa ho hlahiseng lilaptop tse bobebe, lik'hamera le lifono tsa thekeng ka lebaka la matla a tsona le thepa ea tsona ea ho qhala mocheso.
●Lisebelisoa tsa Bongaka:Li-alloy tsa magnesium li sebelisoa li-implants tse ka senyehang le lisebelisoa tsa masapo ka lebaka la ho lumellana ha tsona ka bongata.
Li-alloy tsa nikeli
Matlotlo a Li-alloy tsa Nickel
Li-alloy tsa nickel li tsebahala ka ho hanyetsa mafome ka tsela e ikhethang, botsitso ba mocheso o phahameng, le matla a mechini. Hangata li kopantsoe le chromium, tšepe le likarolo tse ling ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso libakeng tse feteletseng. Litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa:
●Khanyetso ea ho senyehe:Li-alloy tsa nickel li na le khanyetso e ntle khahlanong le oxidation le mafome libakeng tse thata, ho kenyeletsoa le metsi a leoatle le maemo a asiti.
●Matla a Mocheso o Phahameng:Li-alloy tsa nickel li boloka matla a tsona mochesong o phahameng, e leng se etsang hore li lokele ho sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tsa lifofane le tlhahiso ea motlakase.
●Khanyetso ea ho Aparela:Li-alloy tsa nickel li fana ka khanyetso e ntle ea ho tsofala, e leng ea bohlokoa lits'ebetsong tse hlokang ho tšoarella nako e telele.
Litšebeliso tsa Li-alloy tsa Nickel
Li-alloy tsa nickel li sebelisoa lits'ebetsong tse boima makaleng a fapaneng:
●Indasteri ea Lifofane:Li-superalloy tse thehiloeng ho nickel li sebelisoa lienjeneng tsa jet, mahare a turbine, le likarolo tse ling tsa mocheso o phahameng ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa mocheso ha tsona.
●Ts'ebetso ea Lik'hemik'hale:Li-alloy tsa nickel li sebelisoa li-reactor, li-heat exchanger, le litsamaiso tsa liphaephe moo ho hanyetsang mafome le mocheso o phahameng ho leng bohlokoa.
●Phetoho ea Motlakase:Li-alloy tsa nickel li sebelisoa li-reactor tsa nyutlelie le li-turbine tsa khase ka lebaka la bokhoni ba tsona ba mocheso o phahameng le ho hanyetsa mafome.
●Indasteri ea Likepe:Li-alloy tsa nickel li sebelisoa libakeng tsa leoatle bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse kang lipompo, li-valve le lisebelisoa tsa ho tlosa letsoai metsing a leoatle.
Li-alloy tsa Titanium
Litšobotsi tsa Li-Alloys tsa Titanium
Li-alloy tsa titanium li bobebe empa li matla, li na le khanyetso e ikhethang khahlanong le mafome le botsitso ba mocheso o phahameng. Litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa li kenyelletsa:
●Karolelano e Phahameng ea Matla ho ea ho Boima:Li-alloy tsa titanium li matla joaloka tšepe empa li bobebe hoo e ka bang 45%, e leng se etsang hore li be ntle bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa lifofane le tsa ts'ebetso e phahameng.
●Khanyetso ea ho senyehe:Li-alloy tsa titanium li fana ka khanyetso e ikhethang khahlanong le mafome, haholo-holo metsing a leoatle le libakeng tsa lik'hemik'hale.
●Ho lumellana ha lintho tse phelang:Li-alloy tsa titanium lia lumellana le lintho tse phelang, e leng se etsang hore li lokele ho kenngoa le ho sebelisoa ka lisebelisoa tsa bongaka.
●Ho tsitsa ha mocheso o phahameng:Li-alloy tsa titanium li ka mamella mocheso o feteletseng, li boloka matla le botšepehi ba tsona lits'ebetsong tsa lifofane le tsa indasteri.
Litšebeliso tsa Li-Alloys tsa Titanium
Li-alloy tsa titanium li sebelisoa haholo liindastering moo matla a phahameng, bobebe le ho hanyetsa mafome li leng tsa bohlokoa:
●Indasteri ea Lifofane:Li-alloy tsa titanium li sebelisoa liforeiming tsa lifofane, likarolo tsa enjene le li-lushing gear ka lebaka la matla a tsona a phahameng le ho boloka boima.
●Lisebelisoa tsa Bongaka:Li-alloy tsa titanium li sebelisoa ho li-implant tsa masapo, li-implant tsa meno le lisebelisoa tsa ho buoa ka lebaka la ho lumellana ha tsona le ho tšoarella ha tsona.
●Indasteri ea Likepe:Li-alloy tsa titanium li sebelisoa likarolong tsa ka tlas'a leoatle, kahong ea likepe le ho cheka lebōpong la leoatle ka lebaka la ho hanyetsa ho bola ha tsona.
●Likopo tsa Indasteri:Li-alloy tsa titanium li sebelisoa lifemeng tsa ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, tlhahiso ea motlakase, le lits'ebetsong tsa likoloi bakeng sa likarolo tse hlokang matla le ho hanyetsa mafome.
Qetello
Lisebelisoa tsa motsoako li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa indastering ea sejoale-joale, li fana ka litharollo tse etselitsoeng uena ka metsoako e ikhethang ea matla, boima, ho hanyetsa ho bola le ho tšoarella. Ho tloha lifofaneng ho ea likoloing, kaho ho ea lisebelisoa tsa bongaka, ho feto-fetoha ha lisebelisoa tsa motsoako ho etsa hore li be bohlokoa bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata. Ebang ke matla a phahameng a metsoako ea tšepe, thepa e bobebe ea metsoako ea aluminium, kapa ho hanyetsa ho bola ha metsoako ea nickel le titanium, metsoako ea tšepe e entsoe ho fihlela litlhoko tse fapaneng tsa lefats'e la kajeno le tsoetseng pele ka theknoloji.
Nako ea poso: Mphalane-17-2024