Flange ke eng?
Flange ka nako e khutšoanyane, lentsoe le akaretsang feela, hangata le bolela 'mele oa tšepe o tšoanang le oa disk ho bula likoti tse seng kae tse tsitsitseng, tse sebelisetsoang ho hokahanya lintho tse ling, mofuta ona oa ntho o sebelisoa haholo ka mechine, kahoo o shebahala o makatsa, joalo ka ha feela e tsejoa e le flange, lebitso la eona le nkiloe ho flange ea Senyesemane.e le hore phala le phala interconnection ea likarolo, e amanang le qetellong ea phala, flange na le aperture, screws ho etsa flanges tse peli Ka thata-thata hokahanngoa, pakeng tsa flange le gasket tiiso.
Flange ke likarolo tse bōpehileng joaloka disk, tse atileng haholo ho boenjiniere ba liphaephe, li-flange li sebelisoa ka bobeli.
Mabapi le mefuta ea likhokahano tsa flange, ho na le likarolo tse tharo:
- Liphaephe tsa liphaephe
- Gasket
- Khokahano ea bolt
Maemong a mangata, ho na le thepa e khethehileng ea gasket le bolt e fumanoang e entsoeng ka thepa e tšoanang le karolo ea pipe flange.Li-flange tse tloaelehileng haholo ke li-flange tsa tšepe e sa hloekang.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-flange li fumaneha ka mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa e le hore li lumellane le litlhoko tsa sebaka seo.Tse ling tsa lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa flange ke monel, inconel, le chrome molybdenum, ho itšetlehile ka litlhoko tsa sebele tsa sebaka.Khetho e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea thepa e lokela ho itšetleha ka mofuta oa tsamaiso eo u lakatsang ho sebelisa flange ka litlhoko tse khethehileng.
Mefuta e 7 e Tloaelehileng ea Flanges
Ho na le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-flange tse ka khethoang ho latela litlhoko tsa sebaka seo.Ho lumellana le moralo oa flange e loketseng, ts'ebetso e ka tšeptjoang hammoho le bophelo bo bolelele ba ts'ebeletso e tlameha ho netefatsoa mme theko e loketseng ka ho fetisisa e lokela ho nkuoa.
1. flange e khoele:
Li-flanges tse nang le likhoele, tse nang le khoele ka har'a bore ea flange, li kentsoe likhoele tse ka ntle holim'a ho kenya.Khokahano ea likhoele mona e reretsoe ho qoba tjheseletsa maemong ohle.E hokahane haholo-holo ka likhoele tse tšoanang le phala e lokelang ho kenngoa.
2. Socket weld flanges
Mofuta ona oa flange hangata o sebelisoa bakeng sa liphaephe tse nyane moo bophara ba mocheso o tlase le sebaka se tlase sa khatello se khetholloang ke khokahano eo phala e beoang ka har'a flange ho netefatsa hore ho na le khokahano e nang le tjheseletso e le 'ngoe kapa e mengata.Sena se qoba lithibelo tse amanang le lipheletso tse khoeleng ha li bapisoa le mefuta e meng ea li-flange tse cheselitsoeng, ka hona ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho kenya.
3. Li-flange tsa liropeng
Lap flange ke mofuta oa flange o hlokang hore mokokotlo oa stub o be le butt-welded hore o be teng e le hore o sebelisoe ka lepheo la tšehetso ho theha khokahanyo ea flanged.Moqapi ona o entse hore mokhoa ona o ratoe mefuteng e sa tšoaneng ea tsamaiso moo sebaka sa 'mele se fokolang, kapa moo hangata ho hlokahalang ho qhaqhoa, kapa moo ho hlokahalang tlhokomelo e phahameng.
4. Li-flange tse thellang
Li-flange tse thellang li tloaelehile haholo 'me li fumaneha ka boholo bo fapaneng ho lumellana le mekhoa e nang le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ho phalla le lisebelisoa.Ho kopanya feela flange ho bophara bo ka ntle ba phala ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho kenya khokahano.Ho kenya li-flange tsena ho batla ho le botekgeniki kaha ho hloka tjheseletsa ea fillet ka mahlakoreng ka bobeli ho boloka flange ho phala.
5. Li-flange tse foufetseng
Mefuta ena ea li-flange e loketse hantle bakeng sa ho felisoa ha tsamaiso ea liphaephe.Letlapa le le foufetseng le bōpehile joaloka disk e se nang letho e khonang ho bouheloa.Hang ha tsena li kentsoe hantle 'me li kopantsoe le gasket e nepahetseng, e lumella tiiso e babatsehang' me ho bonolo ho e tlosa ha ho hlokahala.
6. Weld Neck Flanges
Li-weld neck flanges li tšoana haholo le lap flanges, empa li hloka welding ea butt bakeng sa ho kenya.'Me botšepehi ba ts'ebetso ea tsamaiso ena le bokhoni ba eona ba ho kobeha ka makhetlo a mangata le ho sebelisoa khatellong e phahameng le litsamaiso tse phahameng tsa mocheso li etsa hore e be khetho ea mantlha bakeng sa liphaephe tsa ts'ebetso.
7. Li-flange tse khethehileng
Mofuta ona oa flange ke o tsebahalang haholo.Leha ho le joalo, ho na le mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea li-flange tse ikhethileng tse fumanehang ho lumellana le ts'ebeliso le tikoloho e fapaneng.Ho na le likhetho tse ling tse fapaneng joalo ka li-nipo flanges, li-weldo flanges, li-flange tsa katoloso, li-orifices, melala e melelele ea weld le li-flange tse fokotsang.
Mefuta e 5 e khethehileng ea li-flanges
1. WeldoFlange
Weldo flange e ts'oana haholo le Nipo flange kaha ke motsoako oa li-butt-welding flanges le likhokahano tse lekanang makala.Li-flange tsa weldo li entsoe ka tšepe e tiileng e entsoeng ka tšepe, ho e-na le hore likarolo tse ling li kopane.
2. Nipo flange
Nipoflange ke phala ea lekala e sekametseng ka lehlakoreng la likhato tse 90, ke sehlahisoa se entsoeng ka ho kopanya li-flange tsa butt-welding le Nipolet e entsoeng.Le hoja Nipo flange e fumanoa e le karolo e tiileng e le 'ngoe ea tšepe e entsoeng ka thata, ha e utloisisoe e le lihlahisoa tse peli tse fapaneng tse cheselitsoeng hammoho.Ho kenngoa ha Nipoflange ho na le ho tjheseletsa ho karolo ea Nipolet ea thepa e le ho tsamaisa phala le ho koala flange. karohano ho peipi ea stub ka basebetsi ba liphaephe.
Ke habohlokoa ho tseba hore li-flange tsa Nipo li fumaneha ka mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea thepa e kang carbon, mocheso o phahameng le o tlaase oa carbon steels, limaraka tsa tšepe e sa hloekang, le li-alloys tsa nickel. matla ha e bapisoa le Nipo flange e tloaelehileng.
3. Elboflange le Latroflange
Elboflange e tsejoa e le motsoako oa flange le Elbolet ha Latroflange e tsejoa e le motsoako oa flange le Latrolet.Li-flange tsa li-elbow li sebelisetsoa ho etsa liphaephe tsa makala ka angle ea 45 degree.
4. Swivel ring flanges
Tšebeliso ea li-swivel ring flanges ke ho thusa ho tsamaisana ha masoba a bolt pakeng tsa li-flange tse peli tse pentiloeng, tse thusang haholo maemong a mangata, joalo ka ho kenya liphaephe tse kholo tsa bophara, liphaephe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi kapa tsa maoatle le libaka tse tšoanang.Mefuta ena ea li-flange e loketse maro a batloang ka oli, khase, hydrocarbon, metsi, lik'hemik'hale le lits'ebetso tse ling tsa taolo ea petrochemical le metsi.
Tabeng ea liphaephe tse kholo tsa bophara, phala e kenngoe ka flange e tloaelehileng ea butt weld ka lehlakoreng le leng le flange e pota-pota ka lehlakoreng le leng.Sena se sebetsa ka ho bilikisa leqhubu la swivel holim'a liphaephe e le hore opareitara e fihlelle tlhophiso e nepahetseng ea masoba a bolt ka mokhoa o bonolo le o potlakileng haholo.
E meng ea litekanyetso tse kholo tsa li-ring ring flanges ke ASME kapa ANSI, DIN, BS, EN, ISO, le tse ling.E 'ngoe ea litekanyetso tse tsebahalang haholo bakeng sa ts'ebeliso ea petrochemical ke ANSI kapa ASME B16.5 kapa ASME B16.47.Li-swivel flanges ke li-flange tse ka sebelisoang libopehong tsohle tse tloaelehileng tsa flange.Ka mohlala, weld melala, slip on, lap manonyeletso, socket welds, joalo-joalo, ka limaraka tsohle thepa, ka mefuta e fapaneng ya boholo bo tloha 3/8 "ho 60", le likhatello ho tloha 150 ho 2500. flanges tsena ka ba bonolo. e entsoeng ka carbon, alloy, le litšepe tse sa hloekang.
5. Li-flange tsa ho atolosa
Li-flange tsa katoloso, li sebelisetsoa ho eketsa boholo ba phala ho tloha sebakeng leha e le sefe ho ea ho se seng e le ho hokela phala ho lisebelisoa life kapa life tsa mochini tse kang lipompo, li-compressor le li-valve tse fumanoang li na le boholo bo fapaneng ba ho kena.
Li-flanges tse atolositsoeng hangata ke li-flange tse nang le butt-welded tse nang le lesoba le leholo qetellong e se nang flanged.E ka sebelisoa ho eketsa boholo bo le bong kapa tse peli kapa ho fihla ho 4 inches ho phaephe e mathang.Mefuta ena ea li-flange e ratoa ho feta motsoako oa li-butt-weld reducers le li-flange tse tloaelehileng hobane li theko e tlaase ebile li bobebe.E 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa ho atolosa li-flanges ke A105 le tšepe e sa hloekang ASTM A182.
Li-flange tsa ho atolosa li fumaneha ka litekanyetso tsa khatello le boholo ho latela litlhaloso tsa ANSI kapa ASME B16.5, tse fumanehang haholo-holo convex kapa flat (RF kapa FF).Ho fokotsa li-flanges, tse tsejoang hape e le ho fokotsa li-flange, li sebetsa ka tsela e fapaneng hantle ha li bapisoa le li-flange tse atolositsoeng, ho bolelang hore li sebelisetsoa ho fokotsa boholo ba phala.Bolelele ba phaephe bo ka fokotsoa habonolo, empa eseng ka boholo bo fetang 1 kapa 2.Haeba ho etsoa boiteko ba ho fokotsa ho feta mona, tharollo e thehiloeng ho motsoako oa li-reducers tse nang le butt-welded le li-flange tse tloaelehileng li lokela ho sebelisoa.
Flange Sizing le Menahano e Tloaelehileng
Ho phaella ho moralo o sebetsang oa flange, boholo ba eona ke ntho e ka 'nang ea susumetsa khetho ea flange ha ho etsoa, ho boloka le ho ntlafatsa tsamaiso ea liphaephe.Ho e-na le hoo, ho lokela ho nahanoa ka khokahanyo ea flange le phala le li-gaskets tse sebelisoang ho netefatsa boholo bo nepahetseng.Ho phaella moo, lintlha tse ling tse tloaelehileng ke tse latelang:
- Bophara ba ka ntle: Bophara ba ka ntle ke sebaka se pakeng tsa likarolo tse peli tse fapaneng tsa sefahleho sa flange.
- Botenya: Botenya bo lekanngoa ho tloha ka ntle ho rim.
- Bolt Circle Diameter: Ena ke sebaka se pakeng tsa masoba a amanang le bolt a lekantsoeng ho tloha bohareng ho ea bohareng.
- Boholo ba Pipe: Boholo ba phala ke boholo bo tsamaellanang le flange.
- Nominal Bore: Bore ea lebitso ke boholo ba bophara ba kahare ba sehokelo sa flange.
Sehlopha sa Flange le Boemo ba Tšebeletso
Li-flange li arotsoe haholo-holo ka bokhoni ba tsona ba ho mamella mocheso le likhatello tse fapaneng.E khethiloe ka tšebeliso ea litlhaku kapa li-suffixes "#", "lb" kapa "class".Tsena ke li-suffixes tse fetolehang hape li fapana ho ea ka libaka kapa mofani oa thepa.Likarolo tse tsebahalang tse tsebahalang li thathamisitsoe ka tlase:
- 150#
- 300#
600#
- 900#
- 1500#
- 2500#
Khatello e tšoanang le mamello ea mocheso e fapana ho itšetlehile ka thepa e sebelisoang, moralo oa flange le boholo ba flange.Leha ho le joalo, ntho e le 'ngoe feela e tsitsitseng ke tekanyo ea khatello, e fokotsehang ha mocheso o ntse o eketseha.
Mofuta oa sefahleho sa Flange
Mofuta oa sefahleho le ona ke tšobotsi ea bohlokoa haholo e nang le tšusumetso e kholo ts'ebetsong ea ho qetela le bophelo ba tšebeletso ea flange.Ka hona, mefuta e meng ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea lifahleho tsa flange e hlahlojoa ka tlase:
1. Flange Flange (FF)
Sebaka sa gasket sa flange se bataletseng se sefofaneng se le seng le bokaholimo ba foreimi e bolted.Lihlahisoa tse sebelisang li-flange tse bataletseng hangata ke tse entsoeng ka hlobo ho lumellana le sekoahelo sa flange kapa flange.Li-flanges tse bataletseng ha lia lokela ho behoa holim'a li-flanges tsa mahlakoreng tse inverted.ASME B31.1 e bolela hore ha u kopanya li-flange tsa tšepe tse bataletseng ho li-flange tsa tšepe ea carbon, sefahleho se phahamisitsoeng holim'a li-flange tsa tšepe ea carbon se tlameha ho tlosoa 'me ho hlokeha sefahleho se feletseng sa gasket.Sena ke ho thibela li-flanges tse nyane, tse brittle cast iron hore li se ke tsa thula sekheong se entsoeng ke nko e phahamisitsoeng ea flange ea carbon steel.
Mofuta ona oa sefahleho sa flange o sebelisoa ha ho etsoa lisebelisoa le li-valve bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsohle moo tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe e entsoeng teng.Cast iron e brittle haholoanyane 'me hangata e sebelisoa feela bakeng sa mocheso o tlase, lits'ebetso tse tlase tsa khatello.Sefahleho se bataletseng se lumella li-flange ka bobeli hore li kopane ka botlalo holim'a bokaholimo bohle.Flat Flanges (FF) e na le sebaka sa ho kopana se bolelele bo lekanang le likhoele tsa bolt tsa flange.Lisebelisoa tsa ho hlatsoa sefahleho ka botlalo li sebelisoa pakeng tsa li-flange tse peli tse bataletseng 'me hangata li bonolo.Ho ea ka ASME B31.3, li-flange tse bataletseng ha lia lokela ho kopanngoa le li-flange tse phahameng ka lebaka la monyetla oa ho lutla ho tsoa ho lenonyeletso le hlahang.
2. Flange e Phahamisitsoeng Sefahleho (RF)
Flange ea sefahleho e phahamisitsoeng ke mofuta o tloaelehileng haholo o sebelisoang lits'ebetsong tsa masela mme o lemohuoa habonolo.E bitsoa convex hobane sefahleho sa gasket se ka holim'a sefahleho sa lesale la bolt.Mofuta o mong le o mong oa ho shebana o hloka tšebeliso ea mefuta e 'maloa ea li-gaskets, ho kenyelletsa le mefuta e fapaneng ea li-tab tsa selikalikoe tse bataletseng le li-composite tsa tšepe tse kang leqeba la spiral le mefuta e nang le li-sheathed tse peli.
Li-flange tsa RF li etselitsoe ho tsepamisa khatello e eketsehileng sebakeng se senyenyane sa gasket, ka hona ho ntlafatsa taolo ea khatello ea lenonyeletso.bophara le bophahamo ka boemo ba khatello le bophara bo hlalosoa ho ASME B16.5.Bophahamo ba khatello ea Flange bo bolela bolelele ba sefahleho se phahamisoang. ASME B16.5.Litekanyetso tsa khatello ea maikutlo.
3. Ring flange (RTJ)
Ha ho hlokahala tiiso ea tšepe ho ea ho tšepe pakeng tsa li-flange tse kopantsoeng (e leng boemo ba ho sebelisa khatello e phahameng le mocheso o phahameng, ke hore, ka holimo ho 700/800 C °), ho sebelisoa Ring Joint Flange (RTJ).
Lenonyeletso la selikalikoe le na le groove e chitja e amohelang lesale la kopanelo gasket (oval kapa rectangular).
Ha li-flange tse peli tse kopantsoeng tsa li-ringtone li kopantsoe hammoho ebe lia tiisetsoa, matla a bolt a sebelisitsoeng a holofatsa gasket e ka har'a groove ea flange, ho theha tiiso e thata haholo ea tšepe ho isa ho tšepe.E le hore u finyelle sena, thepa ea "ring joint gasket" e tlameha ho ba bonolo (ho feta ductile) ho feta thepa ea li-flanges.
Li-flange tsa RTJ li ka tiisoa ka li-gaskets tsa RTJ tsa mefuta e fapaneng (R, RX, BX) le litlaleho (mohlala, octagonal / elliptical bakeng sa mofuta oa R).
Mofuta o tloaelehileng oa RTJ ke mofuta oa R o nang le karolo ea octagonal cross-section, kaha e tiisa tiiso e matla haholo (oval cross-section ke mofuta oa khale).Leha ho le joalo, moralo oa "flat groove" o amohela mefuta e 'meli ea likhase tsa RTJ tse nang le karolo ea octagonal kapa oval cross-section.
4. Leleme le groove flanges (T & G)
Maleme a mabeli le li-groove flanges (lifahleho tsa T & G) li lumellana hantle: flange e 'ngoe e na le selikalikoe se phahamisitsoeng ha e' ngoe e na le li-grooves moo li kenang habonolo (leleme le kena ka har'a groove ebe le tiisa lenonyeletso).
Li-flange tsa maleme le li-groove li fumaneha ka boholo bo boholo le bo bonyenyane.
5. Li-flanges tsa banna le basali (M & F)
Ho tšoana le maleme le li-groove flanges, li-flange tse tona le tse tšehali (mefuta ea sefahleho sa M & F) lia tšoana.
Flange e 'ngoe e na le sebaka se fetelang ka nģ'ane ho sebaka sa eona se ka holimo, e motona, 'me flange e 'ngoe e na le metsu e ts'oanang e entsoeng ka holimo, e leng flange e tšehali.
Flange Surface Qetella
E le ho etsa bonnete ba ho lekana hantle ha flange ho gasket le flange ea ho nyalana, sebaka se ka holimo sa flange se hloka tekanyo e itseng ea ho ba boima (RF le FF flange e qetella feela).Mofuta oa roughness ea sefahleho sa sefahleho sa flange o hlalosa mofuta oa "qetello ea flange".
Mefuta e tloaelehileng ke stock, concentric serrated, spiral serrated le lifahleho tse boreleli tsa flange.
Ho na le lisebelisoa tse 'nè tsa motheo bakeng sa li-flange tsa tšepe, leha ho le joalo, sepheo se tloaelehileng sa mofuta ofe kapa ofe oa ho qetela ke ho hlahisa maqeba a lakatsehang holim'a flange ho netefatsa ho lekana ho tiileng pakeng tsa flange, gasket le mating flange ho fana ka tiiso ea boleng. .
Nako ea poso: Oct-08-2023